Name/ Location	Route	Crude Capacity	Length	Estimated Cost/Investment	Status
Atyrau-Samara Pipeline	Atyrau (Kazakhstan) to Samara (Russia), linking to Russian pipeline system	Recently increased to 310,000 bbl/d	432 miles	Increase in capacity cost approximately $37.5 million	Existing pipeline recently upgraded by adding pumping and heating stations to increase capacity.
Baku-Ceyhan ("Main Export Pipeline")	Baku (Azerbaijan) via Tbilisi (Georgia) to Ceyhan (Turkey), terminating at the Ceyhan Mediterranean Sea port	Planned: 1 million bbl/d	Approximately 1,038 miles	$2.9 billion	One-year detailed engineering study completed in June 2002. Construction on Turkish section of pipeline began in June 2002. Completion of entire pipeline targeted for 2004, exports by Feb. 2005.
Baku-Supsa Pipeline (AIOC "Early Oil" Western Route)	Baku to Supsa (Georgia), terminating at Supsa Black Sea port	Recently upgraded from 115,000 to 145,000 bbl/d; proposed upgrades to between 300,000 bbl/d to 600,000 bbl/d	515 miles	$600 million	Exports began in April 1999; approximately 115,000 bbl/d exported via this route in 2001.
Baku-Novorossiisk Pipeline (Northern Route)	Baku via Chechnya (Russia) to Novorossiisk (Russia), terminating at Novorossiisk Black Sea oil terminal	100,000 bbl/d capacity; possible upgrade to 300,000 bbl/d	868 miles; 90 miles are in Chechnya	$600 million to upgrade to 300,000 bbl/d	Exports began late 1997; exports in 2001 averaged 50,000 bbl/d.
Baku-Novorossiisk Pipeline (Chechnya bypass, with link to Makhachkala)	Baku via Dagestan to Tikhoretsk (Russia) and terminating Novorossiisk Black Sea oil terminal	Currently: 120,000 bbl/d (rail and pipeline: 160,000 bbl/d); Planned: 360,000 bbl/d (by 2005)	204 miles	$140 million	Completed April 2000. Eleven-mile spur connects bypass with Russia's Caspian Sea port of Makhachkala.
Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) Pipeline	Tengiz oil field (Kazakhstan) to Novorossiisk Black Sea oil terminal	Currently: 565,000-bbl/d; Planned: 1.34-million bbl/d (by 2015)	990 miles	$2.5 billion for Phase 1 capacity; $4.2 billion total when completed	First tanker loaded in Novorossiisk (10/01); exports rising to 400,000 bbl/d by end-2002
Central Asia Oil Pipeline	Kazakhstan via Turkmenistan and Afghanistan to Gwadar (Pakistan)	Proposed 1 million bbl/d	1,040 miles	$2.5 billion	Memorandum of Understanding signed by the countries; project stalled by regional instability and lack of financing.
Iran-Azerbaijan Pipeline	Baku to Tabriz (Iran)	Proposed 200,000 bbl/d to 400,000 bbl/d	N/A	$500 million	Proposed by TotalFinaElf.
Iran Oil Swap Pipeline	Neka (Iran) to Tehran (Iran)	175,000 bbl/d, rising to 370,000 bbl/d	208 miles	$400 million to $500 million	Under construction; oil will be delivered to Neka and swapped for an equivalent amount at the Iranian Persian Gulf coast.
Kazakhstan-China Pipeline	Aktyubinsk (Kazakhstan) to Xinjiang (China)	Proposed 400,000 bbl/d to 800,000 bbl/d	1,800 miles	$3 billion to $3.5 billion	Agreement 1997; feasibility study halted in September 1999 because Kazakhstan could not commit sufficient oil flows for the next 10 years.
Kazakhstan- Turkmenistan-Iran Pipeline	Kazakhstan via Turkmenistan to Kharg Island (Iran) on Persian Gulf	Proposed 1million bbl/d	930 miles	$1.2 billion	Feasibility study by TotalFinaElf; proposed completion date by 2005.
Khashuri-Batumi Pipeline	Dubendi (Azerbaijan) via Khashuri (Georgia) to Batumi	Initial 70,000 bbl/d, rising to 140,000 bbl/d-160,000 bbl/d	Rail system from Dubendi to Khashuri, then 105-mile pipeline from Khashuri to Batumi	$70 million for pipeline renovation	ChevronTexaco has canceled plans to rebuild and expand the existing pipeline.
Trans-Caspian (Kazakhstan Twin Pipelines)	Aqtau (western Kazakhstan, on Caspian coast) to Baku; could extend to Ceyhan	N/A	370 miles to Baku	$2 billion to $4 billion (if to Ceyhan)	Feasibility study agreement signed in December 1998 by Royal/Dutch Shell, ChevronTexaco, ExxonMobil, and Kazakhstan; project stalled by lack of Caspian Sea legal agreement.